![]() Isolation of fungal-endobaterial symbiont SCSIO F190/B001 The endobacteria modulates the fungal host to biosynthesize a polyketide natural product, spiromarmycin, whose structural elucidation, biosynthetic machinery and diverse biological activities, we also present. We report here, the discovery and identification of a fungal-endobacterial symbiont SCSIO F190/B001 from a marine sediment sample. Yet, to date, there have been no reports of marine-derived fungal-endobacterial pairings. Central to this idea, the marine environment represents an excellent reservoir of symbiotic associations able to not only withstand, but to actually benefit, from the intense ecological and evolutionary pressures presented by life in the oceans 13, 14. Initiatives to identify and exploit novelty in fungal/endobacterial couplings have started to focus on the impact that different habitats have upon such symbiotic relationships 12. Despite limited studies, advances in our understanding of fungus-associated microbes have been made, especially in the context of plant epiphytic fungi. ![]() However, reports of symbiotic endofungal bacteria are less ubiquitous 8, 9, 10, 11 the Burkholderia rhizoxinica (Mucoromycotina) 8, 9, 10 and Arbuscular mycorrhizal endofungal bacteria 11, are a few of these rare examples. Endosymbiotic bacteria residing in animals 2, 3, 4, plants 5, insects 6, and worms 7 are well known. This unique fungal-bacterial symbiotic relationship and the molecule/s resulting from it dramatically expand our knowledge of marine microbial diversity and shed important insights into endosymbionts and fungal-bacterial relationships.īacteria occupy diverse ecological niches and build strong mutualistic associations with a myriad of other organisms 1. ![]() Genomic analyses revealed the spiromarmycin biosynthetic machinery to be encoded, not by the bacterium, but rather the fungal host. Spiromarmycin appears to endow upon the symbiont pair a protective/defensive means of warding off competitor organisms, be they prokaryotic or eukaryotic microorganisms. The bacterial symbiont modulates the fungal host to biosynthesize a polyketide antimicrobial, spiromarmycin. The bacterium lives inside the fungal mycelium yet is robust enough to survive independent of its host the independently grown bacterium can infect the fungal host in vitro and continue to grow progenitively. ![]() Here we report a fungus-bacterial symbiont from marine sediment. Fungal-bacterial associations are present in nature, playing important roles in ecological, evolutionary and medicinal processes. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |